Wuraren da ake amfani da su na hasken rana da ke kan ruwa sun ga saurin bunƙasa yayin da masu haɓaka ke neman yin amfani da filayen ruwa da ba a yi amfani da su ba tare da rage gasar filaye. Kasuwancin PV na hasken rana mai iyo yana da darajar dala biliyan 7.7 a cikin 2024 kuma ana hasashen zai yi girma a hankali a cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa, ci gaban fasaha a cikin kayan aiki da tsarin motsi da manufofin tallafi a yankuna da yawa. Ma'aunin 2PfG 2962 daga TÜV Rheinland (wanda ke jagorantar TÜV Bauart Mark) yana magance waɗannan ƙalubalen ta hanyar ayyana gwajin aiki da buƙatun takaddun shaida don igiyoyi a cikin aikace-aikacen PV na ruwa.
Wannan labarin yana nazarin yadda masana'antun zasu iya biyan buƙatun 2PfG 2962 ta hanyar ingantaccen gwajin aiki da ayyukan ƙira.
1. Bayanin Ma'auni na 2PfG 2962
Ma'auni na 2PfG 2962 ƙayyadaddun TÜV Rheinland ne wanda aka keɓance don igiyoyin photovoltaic da aka yi niyya don aikace-aikacen ruwa da iyo. Yana ginawa akan ƙa'idodin kebul na PV gabaɗaya (misali, IEC 62930 / EN 50618 don PV na tushen ƙasa) amma yana ƙara tsauraran gwaje-gwaje don ruwan gishiri, UV, gajiyar inji, da sauran takamaiman abubuwan damuwa na ruwa. Makasudin ma'auni sun haɗa da tabbatar da amincin lantarki, amincin injiniyoyi, da dorewa na dogon lokaci a ƙarƙashin mai canzawa, buƙatar yanayin teku. Ya shafi igiyoyin DC waɗanda aka ƙididdige su yawanci har zuwa 1,500 V da ake amfani da su a cikin gaɓar teku da tsarin PV masu iyo, suna buƙatar daidaitaccen sarrafa ingancin samarwa don ingantattun igiyoyi a cikin samarwa da yawa sun dace da samfuran da aka gwada.
2. Muhalli da Kalubalen Aiki don igiyoyin PV na ruwa
Mahalli na ruwa suna haifar da damuwa masu yawa a lokaci ɗaya akan igiyoyi:
Lalacewar ruwan gishiri da bayyanar sinadarai: Ci gaba da nutsewa a cikin ruwan teku na iya kai hari ga platin madubin da kuma lalata shebur na polymer.
UV radiation da tsufa-kore hasken rana: Bayyanar rana kai tsaye a kan tsararru masu iyo yana haɓaka haɓakar polymer da fashewar ƙasa.
Matsakaicin zafin jiki da hawan keke: bambance-bambancen zazzabi na yau da kullun da na yanayi suna haifar da haɓakawa / rikice-rikice, ƙarfafa haɗin gwiwa.
Matsanancin injina: Motsin igiyar ruwa da motsin iska yana haifar da jujjuyawar lanƙwasa, jujjuyawa, da yuwuwar ɓarkewa a kan masu iyo ko kayan motsi.
Biofouling da marine organisms: Girman algae, barnacles, ko microbial colonies akan saman kebul na iya canza yanayin zafi da kuma ƙara damuwa na gida.
Abubuwan ƙayyadaddun abubuwan shigarwa: Gudanarwa yayin turawa (misali, kwancen ganga), lankwasawa a kusa da masu haɗawa, da tashin hankali a wuraren ƙarewa.
Waɗannan abubuwan haɗin gwiwar sun bambanta sosai da tsararrun tushen ƙasa, suna buƙatar gwajin da aka keɓance a ƙarƙashin 2PfG 2962 don daidaita yanayin teku na zahiri.
3. Abubuwan Bukatun Gwajin Aiki A ƙarƙashin 2PfG 2962
Gwajin aikin maɓalli wanda 2PfG 2962 ya umarta yawanci sun haɗa da:
Rufin wutar lantarki da gwaje-gwajen dielectric: Babban ƙarfin juriya gwaje-gwaje (misali, gwajin ƙarfin lantarki na DC) a cikin ɗakunan ruwa ko zafi don tabbatar da rashin lalacewa a ƙarƙashin yanayin nutsewa.
Juriya na insulation akan lokaci: Kula da juriya na kebul lokacin da igiyoyi suka jiƙa a cikin ruwan gishiri ko mahalli mai ɗanɗano don gano shigowar danshi.
Juriya na ƙarfin lantarki da gwajin fitarwa na ɗan lokaci: Tabbatar da cewa rufin zai iya jurewa ƙira ƙarfin lantarki da tazarar aminci ba tare da fitarwa ba, koda bayan tsufa.
Gwaje-gwajen injina: Ƙarfin ƙwanƙwasa da gwaje-gwaje na elongation na rufi da kayan kwasfa bayan hawan bayyanarwa; lankwasawa gwaje-gwajen gajiya yana kwaikwayi motsin raƙuman ruwa.
Sassauci da maimaita gwaje-gwajen sassauƙa: Maimaita lankwasawa akan mandrels ko na'urorin gwaji masu ƙarfi don kwaikwayi motsin igiyar ruwa.
Juriyar abrasion: Daidaita lamba tare da masu iyo ko abubuwa na tsari, mai yiyuwa ne ta amfani da matsakaicin abrasive, don tantance dorewar kwasfa.
4. Gwajin tsufa na muhalli
Gishiri mai fesa ko nutsewa cikin ruwan tekun da aka kwaikwayi don tsawan lokaci don kimanta lalata da lalata polymer.
Wuraren fallasa UV (hanzarin yanayin yanayi) don tantance ƙwanƙwasa ƙasa, canjin launi, da samuwar tsaga.
Hydrolysis da ƙimar ɗaukar danshi, galibi ta hanyar dogon jiƙa da gwajin injina daga baya.
Kekuna na thermal: Yin keke tsakanin ƙananan zafi da zafi a cikin ɗakunan da aka sarrafa don bayyana lalatawar rufi ko ƙaramar fashewa.
Juriya na sinadarai: Fitarwa ga mai, mai, abubuwan tsaftacewa, ko mahadi masu lalata da aka fi samu a cikin saitunan ruwa.
Jinkirin harshen wuta ko halayen wuta: Don takamaiman shigarwa (misali, ruɓaɓɓen kayayyaki), duba cewa igiyoyi sun haɗu da iyakokin yaɗa harshen wuta (misali, IEC 60332-1).
Tsawon tsufa na dogon lokaci: Gwajin gwaje-gwajen rayuwa wanda ya haɗu da zafin jiki, UV, da fallasa gishiri zuwa rayuwar sabis na tsinkaya da kafa tazarar kulawa.
Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen suna tabbatar da cewa igiyoyi suna riƙe da aikin lantarki da injina sama da shekaru da yawa da ake tsammani a cikin jigilar PV na ruwa.
5. Fassarar Sakamakon Gwaji da Gano Hanyoyin gazawa
Bayan gwaji:
Hanyoyin lalacewa na yau da kullum: Ƙunƙarar rufi daga UV ko hawan hawan zafi; lalatawar madugu ko canza launin daga shigar gishiri; aljihun ruwa yana nuna gazawar hatimi.
Yin nazarin yanayin juriya na rufi: raguwa a hankali a ƙarƙashin gwaje-gwajen jiƙa na iya yin siginar ƙirƙira mafi kyawun abu ko rashin isasshen shinge.
Manufofin gazawar injina: Rashin ƙarfin ƙarfi bayan tsufa yana nuna haɓakar polymer; rage elongation yana nuna karuwa mai ƙarfi.
Ƙimar haɗari: Kwatanta sauran ɓangarorin aminci da ƙarfin ƙarfin aiki da ake tsammani da nauyin injina; kimantawa idan burin rayuwar sabis (misali, 25+ shekaru) za a iya cimma.
Madauki na amsawa: Sakamakon gwaji yana sanar da gyare-gyaren abu (misali, mafi girman adadin masu daidaita UV), tweaks ƙira (misali, yadudduka mai kauri), ko haɓaka aiki (misali, sigogin extrusion). Takaddun waɗannan gyare-gyare yana da mahimmanci don maimaita samarwa.
Fassara na tsari yana ƙarfafa ci gaba da ci gaba da bin doka
6. Zaɓin Kayan abu da Dabarun ƙira don Bibiyar 2PfG 2962
Mahimmin la'akari:
Zaɓuɓɓukan masu gudanarwa: Masu gudanarwa na jan karfe daidai ne; Za a iya fifita jan ƙarfe da aka dasa don haɓaka juriya na lalata a wuraren ruwan gishiri.
Abubuwan da aka haɗa: polyolefins masu haɗin gwiwa (XLPO) ko na musamman da aka tsara ta polymers tare da masu haɓaka UV da abubuwan da ke jurewa hydrolysis don kula da sassauci cikin shekarun da suka gabata.
Kayayyakin Sheath: Ƙarfafar mahadi masu ƙarfi tare da antioxidants, UV absorbers, da filler don tsayayya da abrasion, fesa gishiri, da matsanancin zafin jiki.
Siffar sifofi: Ƙirar ƙira mai yawa na iya haɗawa da yadudduka na tsaka-tsakin ciki, fina-finan shingen danshi, da jaket ɗin kariya na waje don toshe shigar ruwa da lalacewar injina.
Additives da fillers: Amfani da masu hana wuta (inda ake buƙata), anti-fungal ko anti-microbial agents don iyakance tasirin biofouling, da masu gyara tasiri don adana aikin injiniya.
Makami ko ƙarfafawa: Don tsarin ruwa mai zurfi ko babban nauyi mai nauyi, ƙara ƙarfe mai sutura ko ƙarfafawar roba don jure nauyin ɗamara ba tare da lalata sassauci ba.
Daidaituwar masana'anta: Madaidaicin sarrafa girke-girke masu haɗawa, yanayin zafi, da ƙimar sanyaya don tabbatar da kaddarorin kayan abu iri ɗaya batch-zuwa-tsari.
Zaɓin kayan aiki da ƙira tare da ingantaccen aiki a cikin kwatankwacin aikace-aikacen ruwa ko masana'antu suna taimakawa cika buƙatun 2PfG 2962 da tsinkaya.
7. Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru
Kula da takaddun shaida a cikin buƙatun samar da girma:
Binciken-layi: Binciken ƙira na yau da kullun (girman madugu, kauri mai kauri), duban gani don lahanin saman, da tabbatar da takaddun takaddun kayan abu.
Jadawalin gwaji na samfur: Samfuran lokaci-lokaci don gwaje-gwajen maɓalli (misali, juriya na rufewa, gwaje-gwajen juriya) maimaita yanayin takaddun shaida don gano faifai da wuri.
Abun ganowa: Rubutun lambobi masu yawa na albarkatun ƙasa, sigogi masu haɗawa, da yanayin samarwa ga kowane rukunin kebul don ba da damar nazarin tushen tushen idan al'amura suka taso.
Cancantar mai siyarwa: Tabbatar da polymer da ƙari masu samarwa suna saduwa da ƙayyadaddun bayanai akai-akai (misali, ƙimar juriya UV, abun ciki na antioxidant).
Shirye-shiryen bita na ɓangare na uku: Tsayar da cikakkun bayanan gwaji, rajistan ayyukan daidaitawa, da takaddun sarrafa samarwa don duban TÜV Rheinland ko sake tabbatarwa.
Tsarukan gudanarwa mai ƙarfi (misali, ISO 9001) haɗe tare da buƙatun takaddun shaida suna taimaka wa masana'antun su ci gaba da bin ka'idodin.
na dogon lokaci
Takaddar TÜV 2PfG 2962 Danyang Winpower Wire da Cable Mfg Co., Ltd.
A Yuni 11, 2025, a lokacin 18th (2025) International Solar Photovoltaic da Smart Energy Conference and Exhibition (SNEC PV + 2025), TÜV Rheinland ya ba da takardar shaida ta TÜV Bauart Mark don igiyoyi don tsarin photovoltaic na waje wanda ya dogara da daidaitattun 2PfGang 296. Ltd. (wanda ake kira "Weihexiang"). Mista Shi Bing, babban manajan kamfanin samar da hasken rana da na kasuwanci da hada-hadar ayyukan kasuwanci na kamfanin TÜV Rheinland Greater China, da Shu Honghe, babban manajan kamfanin samar da kebul na Danyang Weihexiang, sun halarci bikin bayar da lambar yabon, kuma sun shaida sakamakon wannan hadin gwiwa.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-24-2025