Takaitawa na ci gaba da aikace-aikacen masana'antar makamashi.
1. Gabatarwa zuwa fasahar adana makamashi.
Adana makamashi shine ajiya. Yana nufin fasahar da ke sauya nau'ikan kuzari zuwa wani ingantaccen tsari da adana ta. Daga nan sai suka saki shi a takamaiman fom lokacin da ake bukata. Different energy storage principles split it into 3 types: mechanical, electromagnetic, and electrochemical. Kowane nau'in ajiya na makamashi yana da nasa kewayon ƙarfin ikonsa, halaye, da amfani.
Nau'in ajiya | Iko da aka kimanta | Rated makamashi | Halaye | Lokutan aikace-aikace | |
Na inji Adana mai karfi | 抽水 储能 | 100-2,000mw | 4-10 | Babban sikeli, fasaha mai girma; RAYUWAR SAUKI, yana buƙatar albarkatun ƙasa | Tsarin aiki, sarrafa mitar da Ajiyayyen tsarin, Grid Matsakaicin Tsaro. |
压缩 空气储能 | ImW-300mw | 1-0h | Manyan-sikelin, fasaha mai girma; jinkirin amsa, yana buƙatar albarkatun ƙasa. | Peak ufading, Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin, Grid Matsayin Tsaro | |
飞轮 储能 | Kw-30mw | 15s-30 min | Babban iko, babban farashi, matakin amo | Mai watsa shiri / ƙarfin iko, ikon mitar, ikon ƙarfin lantarki, UPS da adana ƙarfin baturi. | |
Electomagnetic Adana mai karfi | 超导 储能 | Kw-1mw | 2s-5min | Mai sauri amsa, babban iko iko; Babban farashi, mai wahala | Ikon da ke da ƙarfi, iko, ikon mitar, ikon ingancin iko, UPS da adana ƙarfin baturi |
超级 电容 | Kw-1mw | 1-30s | Mai sauri amsa, babban iko iko; babban farashi | Ikon ingancin iko, UPS da adana baturin ƙarfin batir | |
M Adana mai karfi | 铅酸 电池 | Kw-50mw | 1min-3 h | Fasaha mai balagewa, mai tsada; Short Livepan, Damuwa na Kariya na Muhalli | Ajiyayyen tashar wutar lantarki, fara baki, UPS, daidaitaccen makamashi |
液流 电池 | Kw-100mw | 1-0h | Yawancin hanyoyin baturi sun ƙunshi cajin zurfin da aka dakatar. Suna da sauƙin haɗuwa, amma suna da ƙarancin ƙarfi | Yana rufe ingancin iko. Hakanan yana da ikon wariyar ajiya. Hakanan yana rufe peak peak kuma cika. Hakanan ya rufe mana da aikin makamashi da adana makamashi mai sabuntawa. | |
钠硫 电池 | 1kw-100mw | Sa'ad da | Babban takamaiman makamashi, babban farashi, abubuwan da suka shafi aminci suna buƙatar haɓakawa. | Ingancin iko shine ra'ayin daya. A madadin wutar lantarki ne wani. To, akwai ganyen ganyen ganyayyaki da kwarin kwari. Gudanar da makamashi wani ne. A ƙarshe, akwai wani sabon makamashi mai sabuntawa. | |
锂离子 电池 | Kw-100mw | Sa'ad da | Babban Ilimin Ilimin, farashi yana raguwa kamar farashin batir na Lithium-Ion yana raguwa | Mai watsa shiri / ƙarfin iko, ikon mitar, ikon ƙarfin lantarki, UPS da adana ƙarfin baturi. |
Yana da fa'idodi. Waɗannan sun haɗa da ƙarancin tasiri daga labarin ƙasa. Suna kuma da ɗan gajeren lokaci da kuma yawan makamashi masu yawa. A sakamakon haka, ana iya amfani da adana kuzari na lantarki mai sassauci. Yana aiki a cikin yanayin ajiya da yawa. Fasaha ce don adanar iko. Yana da mafi yawan kewayon amfani da kuma mafi yawan damar ci gaba. Manyan wadanda sune batura-Iion. Ana amfani dasu a cikin yanayin daga mintuna zuwa hours.
2. Abubuwan Aikace-aikacen Kayan Aiki
Adana da makamashi yana da kayan aikin aikace-aikace a cikin tsarin wutar lantarki. Adana da keta yana da babban amfani 3: Tsararraki Tsararren, da Grid, da masu amfani. Su ne:
Sabbin Tsararren wutar lantarki ya bambanta da nau'in gargajiya. Yanayin yanayi ne ya shafi yanayin yanayi. Waɗannan sun haɗa da haske da zazzabi. Fitar da wutar lantarki ya bambanta da rana da rana. Daidaita iko don buƙatar ba zai yiwu ba. Tushen rashin iko ne. Lokacin da aka shigar da ƙarfin ƙarfin ko tsara iko ya kai wani matakin. Zai shafi ikon wutar lantarki. Don adana tsarin wutar lantarki lafiya da barga, sabon tsarin makamashi zai yi amfani da samfuran ajiya na kuzari. Za su sake sulhu zuwa Grid don sandar fitarwa. Wannan zai rage tasirin sabon ƙarfin makamashi. Wannan ya hada da Photovoltaic da kuma iska. Sun kasance masu tsoma baki da kuma marasa hankali. Hakanan zai magance matsalolin amfani da wutar lantarki, kamar iska da hasken haske.
Tsarin Grid da gini yana biye da matsakaicin hanyar. Suna yin haka a gefen grid gefe. Wannan shine lamarin lokacin gina sabon grid ko ƙara iyawa. Kayan aikin dole ne la'akari da matsakaicin nauyin. Wannan zai haifar da farashi mai yawa da kuma ƙarancin amfani. Tashi daga gaban adana makamashi na Grid-gefe na iya karya ainihin hanyar da aka rage. Lokacin yin sabon grid ko fadada tsohon, zai iya rage ambaliyar Grid. Hakanan yana inganta faɗaɗa da kayan haɓaka kayan aiki. Wannan yana adana farashin kuɗin saka hannun jari kuma yana inganta amfani da kadara. Shirye-shiryen makamashi yana amfani da kwantena a matsayin babban mai ɗaukar kaya. Ana amfani dashi a kan tsararren wutar lantarki da bangarorin grid. Yana da yafi don aikace-aikace tare da iko fiye da 30kw. Suna buƙatar mafi girman samfuri mafi girma.
Ana amfani da sabon tsarin makamashi akan ɓangaren mai amfani da yawa ana amfani dashi don samar da kuma adana iko. Wannan farashin wutar lantarki kuma yana amfani da ajiya na kuzari don hana wutar lantarki. A lokaci guda, masu amfani kuma zasu iya amfani da tsarin ajiya na makamashi don adana wutar lantarki lokacin da farashin ƙasa yake. Wannan zai sa su sumbace su game da wutar lantarki yayin da farashin suke da yawa. Hakanan zasu iya sayar da wutar lantarki daga tsarin ajiya don samun kuɗi daga ganiya da farashin kwari. Adana mai amfani da makamashi mai amfani da ƙawancen kabarin azaman babban mai ɗaukar kaya. Ya dace da aikace-aikacen a masana'antu da kasuwanci wuraren shakatawa da rarraba hoto gidan wuta. Waɗannan suna cikin 1kw zuwa 20kW ikon. Capacciitysarfin samfurin ya kasance kaɗan.
3. "Majiyar-Grid-Load-ajiya" Tsarin aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen ajiya na ajiya
Tsarin "tushen-grid-ajiya" shine yanayin aiki. Ya haɗa da maganin "tushen wutar lantarki, ɗaukar nauyi, kaya, da ajiyar kuzari". Zai iya bunkasa amfani da makamashi da amincin Grid. Zai iya gyara matsaloli kamar grid volatility a cikin tsabta makamashi amfani. A cikin wannan tsarin, tushen shine mai samar da makamashi. Ya ƙunshi wadatar makamashi mai sabuntawa, kamar hasken rana, iska, da kuma hayaƙi. Hakanan ya haɗa da makamashi na gargajiya, kamar kwal, mai, da gas na halitta. Grid din shine cibiyar watsa wutar lantarki. Ya hada da layin watsa labarai da kayan aikin wutar lantarki. Aukar shine ƙarshen mai amfani da makamashi. Ya ƙunshi mazauna maza, masana'antu, da wuraren jama'a. Adana Fasahar Adana Ya ƙunshi kayan ajiya da fasaha.
A cikin tsohuwar tsarin iko, tsire-tsire masu zafin jiki na wutar lantarki sune tushen wutar lantarki. Gidajen da masana'antu sune kaya. Biyu sun yi nisa. Grid ɗin iko yana haɗe su. Yana amfani da babban ƙarfin iko, haɗi. Yanayin daidaitawa na lokaci-lokaci ne inda tushen wutar lantarki ya biyo baya.
A karkashin "Neue FootTassStem", tsarin ya kara bukatar cajin motocin sabbin makamashi a matsayin "kaya" ga masu amfani. Wannan ya kara yawan matsin lamba kan wutar lantarki. New hanyoyin makamashi, kamar hotunan hoto, sun bar masu amfani su zama "tushen iko." Hakanan, sabbin motocin makamashi suna buƙatar caji na sauri. Kuma, sabon samar da wutar lantarki kasa ba zai iya ba. Don haka, masu amfani suna buƙatar "ajiya na makamashi" don sanyaya tasirin ƙarfin ikonsu kuma amfani da Grid. Wannan zai ba da ƙarfin ƙarfin lantarki da kuma adana wutar lantarki.
Sabuwar amfani da makamashi yana da yawa. Masu amfani yanzu suna son gina microgri na gida. Wadannan haɗi "tushen ikon" (haske), "Adana na makamashi" (ajiya), da "lodi" (caji "). Suna amfani da sarrafawa da fasaha fasaha don sarrafa hanyoyin makamashi da yawa. Suna barin masu amfani da kuma amfani da sabon makamashi a gida. Har ila yau, sun haɗa da babban wutar lantarki ta hanyoyi biyu. Wannan yana rage tasirinsu akan grid kuma yana taimakawa daidaita shi. Kananan microgrid da adana makamashi sune "hoto mai hoto da tsarin caji". An haɗe shi. Wannan muhimmin aikace-aikace ne na "asusun grid safarar ajiya".
二. Abokan aikace-aikace da damar masana'antar makamashi
Rahoton CNESSA ya ce a ƙarshen 2023, jimlar yawan ayyukan ajiya na kayan aiki ya kasance 289.20gw. Wannan ya rage 21.92% daga 237.20gw a ƙarshen 2022. Jimlar damar sabon adana makamashi kai 91.33gw. Wannan shine karuwa 99.62% daga shekarar da ta gabata.
A ƙarshen 2023, jimlar yawan ayyukan ajiya na makamashi a China ya kai 86.50GW. Ya kasance sama da kashi 44.65% daga 59.80GW a ƙarshen 2092. Yanzu suna yin 29.70% daga ƙarshen 2022. Daga cikin su, ajiyar kaya yana da mafi ƙarfin. Yana lissafin 59.40%. Girman kasuwa ya zo ne daga sabon ajiya mai ƙarfi. Wannan ya hada da baturan Lithium-Ion, jigon batir, da iska mai sauyawa. Suna da cikakken ƙarfin 34.51gw. Wannan shine karuwa 163.93% daga bara. A shekarar 2023, sabon ajiya na kasar Sin zai karu da 21.44GW, karuwar shekara ta 191.77%. Sabuwar adana makamashi ya haɗa da baturan ilimin lissafi-IIL da iska mai sauƙaƙe. Dukansu suna da ɗaruruwan da aka haɗa, ayyukan megawatt-matakin.
Kuna hukunta daga tsari da kuma gina sabon ayyukan ajiya na makamashi, sabon adana ku na China ya zama manyan sikelin. A shekarar 2022, akwai ayyukan 1,799. An shirya su, a ƙarƙashin gini, ko a cikin aiki. Suna da yawan ƙarfin kimanin 104.50GW. Yawancin ayyukan ajiya na makamashi suna sa a cikin aiki suna ƙanana da matsakaici. Sikelin su kasa da 10mw. Suna yin kusan 61.98% na jimlar. Ayyukan ajiya na makamashi a cikin tsari da kuma aiki galibi manyan. Su ne 10mw kuma a sama. Sun cika 75,73% na jimlar. Fiye da ayyukan megawattt 402 100 suna cikin ayyukan. Suna da tushe da yanayi don adana makamashi ga wutar lantarki.
Lokacin Post: Jul-2244