Cikakken Jagora zuwa Tsarin Tsarin Ajiya na PV na Mazauni da Tsarin

Tsarin ma'auni na wurin zama (PV) yana ƙunshe da nau'ikan PV, baturan ajiyar makamashi, inverters na ajiya, na'urorin ƙididdigewa, da tsarin kulawa. Manufarta ita ce cimma wadatar makamashi, rage farashin makamashi, rage hayakin carbon, da inganta amincin wutar lantarki. Ƙaddamar da tsarin ajiyar PV na zama tsari ne mai mahimmanci wanda ke buƙatar yin la'akari da hankali game da abubuwa daban-daban don tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki da kwanciyar hankali.

I. Bayanin Tsarukan Ajiya na PV-Mazaunin

Kafin fara saitin tsarin, yana da mahimmanci don auna juriyar insulation na DC tsakanin tashar shigar da tsararrun PV da ƙasa. Idan juriya ta kasa da U…/30mA (U… tana wakiltar matsakaicin ƙarfin fitarwa na tsararrun PV), ƙarin ƙasa ko matakan rufewa dole ne a ɗauki.

Ayyukan farko na tsarin PV-ajiya sun haɗa da:

• Cin-kai: Amfani da hasken rana don biyan buƙatun makamashin gida.
• Kololuwa-aski da cike kwari: Daidaita amfani da makamashi a cikin lokuta daban-daban don adana farashin makamashi.
• Ikon Ajiyayyen: Samar da ingantaccen makamashi lokacin fita.
• Samar da wutar lantarki na gaggawa: Taimakawa manyan lodi yayin gazawar grid.

Tsarin daidaitawa ya haɗa da nazarin buƙatun makamashi na mai amfani, tsara tsarin PV da tsarin ajiya, zaɓar abubuwan da aka gyara, shirya shirye-shiryen shigarwa, da bayyana matakan aiki da kiyayewa.

II. Binciken Buƙatu da Tsara

Binciken Buƙatar Makamashi

Cikakken bincike na buƙatar makamashi yana da mahimmanci, gami da:

• Load bayanin martaba: Gano buƙatun wutar lantarki na na'urori daban-daban.
• Amfanin yau da kullun: Ƙayyade matsakaicin amfani da wutar lantarki a rana da dare.
• Farashin wutar lantarki: Fahimtar tsarin jadawalin kuɗin fito don inganta tsarin don tanadin farashi.

Nazarin Harka

• Bayanan mai amfani:
  • Jimlar nauyin da aka haɗa: 8.2 kW
  • Matsakaicin nauyi: 3.6 kW
  • Amfanin makamashi na rana: 10 kWh
  • Amfanin makamashi na dare: 20 kWh
• Tsarin Tsari:
  • Shigar da tsarin haɗaɗɗun PV tare da tsararrun PV na rana yana biyan buƙatun kaya da adana kuzarin da ya wuce kima a cikin batura don amfani da dare. Grid ɗin yana aiki azaman ƙarin tushen wutar lantarki lokacin da PV da ajiya ba su wadatar ba.

• III. Kanfigareshan Tsari da Zaɓin Bangaren

  1. Tsarin Tsarin PV

  • Girman Tsarin: Dangane da nauyin 8.2 kW mai amfani da amfani da kullun na 30 kWh, ana ba da shawarar tsararrun PV 12 kW. Wannan tsararru na iya samar da kusan 36 kWh kowace rana don biyan buƙata.
  • PV Modules: Yi amfani da 21 guda-crystal 580Wp kayayyaki, samun nasarar shigar da 12.18 kWp. Tabbatar da kyakkyawan tsari don iyakar hasken rana.

  Matsakaicin iko Pmax [W]	575	580	585	590	595	600
  Mafi kyawun ƙarfin ƙarfin aiki Vmp [V]	43.73	43.88	44.02	44.17	44.31	44.45
  Mafi kyawun aiki na yanzu Imp [A]	13.15	13.22	13.29	13.36	13.43	13.50
  Buɗe wutar lantarki Voc [V]	52.30	52.50	52.70	52.90	53.10	53.30
  Short circuit current Isc [A]	13.89	13.95	14.01	14.07	14.13	14.19
  Ingancin Module [%]	22.3	22.5	22.7	22.8	23.0	23.2
  Juriyar ikon fitarwa	0 ~ + 3%
  Matsakaicin yawan zafin jiki na matsakaicin ƙarfi[Pmax]	-0.29% / ℃
  Yawan zafin jiki na buɗaɗɗen wutar lantarki [Voc]	-0.25% / ℃
  Yawan zafin jiki na gajeren kewaye na yanzu [Isc]	0.045% / ℃
  Daidaitaccen Yanayin Gwajin (STC): Ƙarfin haske 1000W/m², zafin baturi 25 ℃, ingancin iska 1.5

  2. Tsarin Ajiye Makamashi

  • Ƙarfin baturi: Sanya tsarin batir 25.6 kWh lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4). Wannan ƙarfin yana tabbatar da isassun wariyar ajiya don manyan lodi (3.6 kW) na kusan awanni 7 yayin fita.
  • Modulolin baturi: Yi amfani da ƙirar ƙira mai ƙima tare da ƙididdiga masu ƙima na IP65 don shigarwa na cikin gida / waje. Kowane module yana da damar 2.56 kWh, tare da 10 kayayyaki samar da cikakken tsarin.

  3. Zaɓin Inverter

  • Hybrid Inverter: Yi amfani da injin inverter 10 kW tare da haɗaɗɗen PV da damar sarrafa ajiya. Babban fasali sun haɗa da:
    • Matsakaicin shigarwar PV: 15 kW
    • Fitarwa: 10 kW don duka grid-daure da kuma kashe-grid aiki
    • Kariya: ƙimar IP65 tare da grid-off-grid sauyawa lokacin <10 ms

  4. Zaɓin PV Cable

  igiyoyin PV suna haɗa kayan aikin hasken rana zuwa akwatin inverter ko haɗawa. Dole ne su jure yanayin zafi mai girma, bayyanar UV, da yanayin waje.

  • EN 50618 H1Z2Z2-K:
    • Single-core, wanda aka kimanta don 1.5kV DC, tare da kyakkyawan UV da juriya na yanayi.
  • Saukewa: PV1-F:
    • Mai sassauƙa, mai hana harshen wuta, tare da kewayon zafin jiki mai faɗi (-40°C zuwa +90°C).
  • UL 4703 PV Waya:
    • Mai rufi sau biyu, manufa don rufin rufin da tsarin da aka saka a ƙasa.
  • AD8 Cable Solar mai iyo:
    • Submersible da kuma mai hana ruwa, dace da danshi ko ruwa mahalli.
  • Aluminum Core Solar Cable:
    • Nauyi mai sauƙi kuma mai tsada, ana amfani dashi a cikin manyan kayan aiki.

  5. Zaɓin Kebul na Ajiye Makamashi

  Kebul na ajiya suna haɗa batura zuwa inverters. Dole ne su rike manyan igiyoyin ruwa, samar da kwanciyar hankali, da kiyaye amincin lantarki.

  • UL10269 da UL11627 igiyoyi:
    • Sirarriyar bangon bango, mai kare harshen wuta, da karamci.
  • Kebul masu Insulated XLPE:
    • Babban ƙarfin lantarki (har zuwa 1500V DC) da juriya na thermal.
  • Babban-Voltage DC Cables:
    • An ƙera shi don haɗa nau'ikan baturi da manyan motocin bas masu ƙarfi.

  Shawarwari Takaddun Kebul

  Nau'in Kebul	Samfurin Nasiha	Aikace-aikace
  PV Cable	EN 50618 H1Z2Z2-K	Haɗa PV modules zuwa inverter.
  PV Cable	UL 4703 PV Waya	Kayan aikin rufin rufin yana buƙatar babban rufi.
  Cable Storage Energy	UL 10269, UL 11627	Ƙananan haɗin baturi.
  Kebul na Adana Garkuwa	Cable Batirin Garkuwar EMI	Rage tsangwama a cikin m tsarin.
  High Voltage Cable	Cable mai Insulated XLPE	Haɗi mai girma a cikin tsarin baturi.
  Cable PV mai iyo	AD8 Cable Solar mai iyo	Wurare masu yuwuwar ruwa ko ɗanɗano.

IV. Haɗin tsarin

Haɗa nau'ikan PV, ajiyar makamashi, da inverters cikin cikakken tsarin:

1. Tsarin PV: Tsarin ƙirar ƙirar ƙira kuma tabbatar da amincin tsari tare da tsarin hawan da ya dace.
2. Ajiye Makamashi: Shigar da batura na zamani tare da ingantaccen tsarin BMS (Tsarin Gudanar da Baturi) don saka idanu na gaske.
3. Hybrid Inverter: Haɗa tsararrun PV da batura zuwa inverter don sarrafa makamashi mara ƙarfi.

V. Shigarwa da Kulawa

Shigarwa:

• Gwajin Yanar Gizo: Bincika rufin rufi ko wuraren ƙasa don dacewa da tsarin da hasken rana.
• Shigar da Kayan aiki: A kiyaye PV modules, batura, da inverters.
• Gwajin Tsari: Tabbatar da haɗin lantarki da yin gwaje-gwajen aiki.

Kulawa:

• Dubawa na yau da kullunBincika igiyoyi, kayayyaki, da inverters don lalacewa ko lalacewa.
• Tsaftacewa: Tsaftace na'urorin PV akai-akai don kula da inganci.
• Kulawa mai nisa: Yi amfani da kayan aikin software don bin aikin tsarin da haɓaka saituna.

VI. Kammalawa

Tsarin matsuguni na PV mai kyau wanda aka tsara yana ba da tanadin makamashi, fa'idodin muhalli, da amincin wutar lantarki. Zaɓin zaɓi na hankali na abubuwan haɗin gwiwa kamar na'urorin PV, batir ajiyar makamashi, inverters, da igiyoyi suna tabbatar da ingancin tsarin da tsawon rai. Ta hanyar bin tsari mai kyau,

shigarwa, da ka'idojin kulawa, masu gida za su iya haɓaka fa'idodin jarinsu.